Students’ Learning Outcomes
· Identify the sources of common food.
· Classify different types of foods into their basic groups.
· Explain the properties of major food groups.
Information for Teachers
· We get different food items (fruits, vegetables, meat etc.) from two basic sources i.e. animals and plants.
· The major food groups are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.
· Carbohydrates provide us energy. We get carbohydrates from bread, cereals, vegetables and legumes.
· Proteins from meat, milk, eggs, yogurt, cheese, grains and legumes.
· Vitamins are required in small amount but are essential for many biochemical reactions in our bodies. Vitamins can be divided into A, B, C, D, E and K. they are present in colors fruits, vegetables, fats, oils, meat and milk.
· Minerals are present in fruits and vegetables. They help in making bones and teeth strong. Important minerals are calcium, iodine, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc.
· Fats provide us energy and are also required for brain development and vision. We get fats from meat, milk, butter, cheese, cooking oil and dry fruits.
· Water is extremely important for life because it is an essential constituent of protoplasm.
Material / Resources
Pictures of animal and plant sources of food, textbook
Worm up Activity
· Let students recall the previous knowledge about the functions of food for our bodies i.e. energy and growth.
· Ask students to recall previous knowledge of different food groups.
· Ask students to make a list of food items they eat daily. Enlist these food items on board then introduce today’s lesson.
Development
Activity 1
· Divide the class into different groups. They eat daily and also enlist the sources from where they get it.
· Ask students enlist foods into as many types, groups and sources as they can.
· Now ask the groups to read out their lists.
· Ask the students from where do we get our food?
· Guide the students in concluding that the main sources of food for us are animals and plants.
|
Sr. no.
|
Food items
|
Source of Food
|
|
|
Plant
|
Animals
|
||
Activity 2
· Ask the students (by using the same list that they prepared before) to arrange food items into as many groups as possible on the basis of similarities, e. g. they can put bread and roti in the same group whereas apples, bananas, and oranges in the same group.
· Ask the groups to read out the list of at least one of the food groups they made.
· Now introduce different food groups i.e. carbohydrates, Proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water to students.
· Describe in detail the major roles played by different food groups in our daily life.
|
Food group
|
Food item
|
Functions
|
|
Carbohydrates
|
Potato, rice, grains, bread, chapatti
|
Provide energy
|
|
Proteins
|
Meat, milk, yogurt, cheese, red beans, eggs
|
Help in building body muscles, growth and repair of body
|
|
Fats
|
Oil, ghee, cream, milk
|
Help to maintain body temperature, besides main source of energy (required in small quantities)
|
|
Minerals
|
Salt, spinach, yogurt, milk, green leafy vegetables
|
Help to build strong bones and teeth
|
|
Vitamins
|
Fruits, vegetables
|
Protects from diseases, eyesight, for good digestion, healing wounds and skin problems
|
|
Water
|
Drinking water, fruits, vegetables, soft drinks
|
Transport materials in our body and maintain body temperature
|
Activity 3
· Write names of different food items on the board. If possible draw or provide their pictures as well.· Ask students to write the food items, their sources and groups of that food in the relevant column.
Sum up / Conclusion
· We get different food items from two major sources i.e. animals and plants.
· The major food groups are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water.
· Carbohydrates and fats provide us energy.
· Proteins make new cells and tissues.
· Vitamins are essential for many bio-chemical reactions.
· Minerals help in making strong bones and teeth.
· Water helps in transportation of materials and to maintain body temperature.
Assessment
Students will demonstrate their understanding by:
· Explain the difference between the term; food sources and food groups.
· Enlist six food groups, required for a healthy human body.
· Describe the main contributions of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the bodies of living organisms.
Students understanding will be assessed by answering these oral questions.
1. Why doctors advise to eat one apple daily?
2. Why do we drink milk?
3. Which food group is considered to be the main source of energy required for the human body?
4. Which food group gives us starch?
5. Which food group helps us in strengthening our bones?
6. To which group calcium, iron and iodine belong?
7. Which food would one eat in order to consume mostly fats?
Follow up
· Divide class into different groups and ask each group to make a poster that contains;
—-Food groups with examples.
—-Role of food groups in our body.
—–Deficiency of food groups in our body.
