Lesson Planning of Pronouns (Substitution Words)
Subject English
Grade 2nd
Students` Learning Outcomes
- Distinguish between and use substitution words.
- Illustrate the use of substitution words learnt earlier. Recognize that some words substitute particular and general naming words.
- Illustrate use of words that point to something.
- Identify and use words showing possession e.g. my, your, his, her, our, their
Information for Teachers
- Teach the topic alongside other parts of speech done before. Don`t teach Pronouns separately from naming words, action words and describing words’
Material Resources
Writing board, chalk/marker, duster, flashcards of pronouns words
Introduction
- Read a 5-6 sentences story to the students that would be of interest to them.
Sample story to be read to students: as;
Once there lived a caterpillar. He was very hungry caterpillar. The caterpillar ate a nice juicy apple. Then the caterpillar ate a chocolate cake. The caterpillar also ate an ice-cream. The caterpillar was still looking for more found. The caterpillar found a little leaf. Then the caterpillar went to sleep inside the caterpillar`s shell called a cocoon. When the caterpillar woke up, the caterpillar had changed into a pretty butterfly! Image caterpillar.
- Repeatedly use the name of the main character of the story, instead of using a pronoun.
- Ask students if it sounded strange to them; help them identify what was strange.
- If they are unable to point out, you can tell them that we don`t use the naming word again and again, but use pronouns or substitution words in its place, so we don`t sound so strange.
Development
Activity 1
- Teach substitution words by demonstration in the classroom. Call a student in front of the class. Say ‘I am Ali (or your name) ‘pointing to yourself. Say ‘you are Uzma (or the student`s name)’ pointing to the student. Tell the students that ‘I’ is used for the person who is speaking. ‘You’ is used for the person speaking to. Now ask the student to tell his / her, self-name using I and then he / she should tell your name, using ‘you’.
- Form pairs. The students will say ‘I’ pointing to him / her and say ‘You’ pointing to the student he is speaking to. Practice till all the students understand the use of ‘I’ and ‘You’.
- Now teach ‘We’ and ‘You’ in the same way. Tell the students that ‘We’ is used for more than one person who is speaking. ‘You’ is used for the persons speaking to. ‘You’ is the word which is same for both singular and plural persons speaking to. Form groups; one group of students will say ‘We’ pointing to themselves and say ‘You’ pointing to the group of students boys they are speaking to. Practice till all the students understand the use of ‘We’ and ‘You’.
Activity 2
- Point to the table and say, “This is a table, It is made of wood” point to the picture of a goat and say, “This is a goat. It has four legs”. Tell the students that ‘It’ is used for non-living things and animals.
- Use flash cards to repeat the use of pronouns.
Activity 3
Teach words showing possession (my, your, his, her, our, their) by demonstrating with the help of the following sentences.
- I am Ahmad. This is my book. (Point to yourself)
- You are Ali. This is your book. (Point to the person you are speaking to)
- He is Aslam. This is his book. (Pointing to a boy you are speaking of)
- She is Salma. This is her book. (Pointing to a girl you are speaking of)
- We are students. It is our room. (Pointing to yourself)
- They are student. This is their school. (Point to the boys or girls you are speaking of)
- The Italic words show possession.
- This activity can also be done with the help of flashcards. Prepare word flashcards of possession words. Prepare picture flashcards showing possession, as;
- A boy having a book in his hand and pointing to himself will have the word ‘my’.
- Ask the students to put word flashcard ‘my’ with the picture.
- In the same way, prepare flashcards and do the activity with your, his, her, our, and their.
- Teach substitution words me, you, him, her, us, and them by demonstrating with the help of following sentences.
- I am Ahmad. This is my book. (Point to yourself)
- You are Ali. This is your book. (Point to the person you are speaking to)
- He is Aslam. This is his book. (Pointing to a boy you are speaking of)
- She is Salma. This is her book. (Pointing to a girl you are speaking of)
- We are students. It is our room. (Pointing to yourself)
- They are student. This is their school. (Point to the boys or girls you are speaking of)
- Note for teacher: The italic words in the beginning of the sentence are subjective case of pronoun. They are used as the subject of the sentence. The italic words inside the sentences are objective case of pronouns. They are used as the subject in the sentence. Ask the students to use objective case of pronoun as the following examples may be used as reference.
- Select a text having names and substitution words. Ask the students to underline substitution words used I the text.
- Select another text having names and substitution words. Remove substitution words and ask the students to use appropriate substitution words in the blanks. Do this activity orally first or ask students to do it in groups.
- Repeat with another text, this time asking to fill in the blanks in their own sentences.
Conclusion / Sum up
- Ask the students what they learnt in the lesson?
Assessment
- Give students a text with some blanks. Ask students to fill the text using pronouns.
- Teacher is also required to involve the students in solving the problems given in the exercise at end of unit / chapter.
Follow up
- You may give one sentence and ask students to make the second one using pronouns and describing words
Suggested sentences:
- I have a sister. (Students may add a sentence like, she is one year old, or her name is Ayesha, or she is in class 2, she is thin etc.)
- This is a bag. (Students may add sentences like: It is blue, it is very big, and it is your bag).
